Scoping review of programs and practices for the prevention and management of post-traumatic stress injuries and other mental health conditions in paramedic service organizations

Paramedic services organizations provide critical emergency medical services and are important front-line first responders in Canada. There are over 30,000 paramedics in Canada who provide emergency medical services (EMS) and secure public safety during times of crisis (Public Safety Canada, 2019). Given the nature of their work, paramedics are frequently exposed to traumatic situations and, as a result, are substantially more likely to experience post-traumatic stress than the average worker. In fact, the alarmingly high rates of post traumatic stress injury (PTSI) among paramedics may not be a surprise when workplace exposures are considered. Consequently, effectively managing post traumatic stress and the mental health needs of paramedics requires that paramedic service organizations develop policies, programs, services and practices that have been designed with the specific consideration of best practices in the area of prevention and management of post-traumatic stress and other mental health conditions. 

A scoping review was conducted to identify and synthesize peer-reviewed evidence on programs and practices for the prevention and management of post-traumatic stress injuries (PTSI), post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other mental health issues that are relevant for paramedic organizations. This report shares findings from the scoping review and an environmental scan and needs assessment as critical inputs into the development of a Work Disability Management System Standards for Paramedic Organizations with a focus on PTSI.